Essay On Sugarcane
Sugarcane is a tall plant with thick stems called ‘canes’ from which sugar is made. It has long green leaves at the top. Sugarcane is the main source of sugar. It is a crop of the hot climate. As sugar is produced from sugarcane, it is an important business crop.
European and Arab traders introduced sugarcane in the beginning. In India, it is a Kharif or autumn crop. Cane contains the sweet juice from which sugar is made. Most of the canes go to the sugar mills for the production of sugar. Here. they are crushed in heavy rollers and the juice is squeezed out. The juice is then heated in pans until all the water is evaporated. Finally, the sugar is left behind.
For the best growth of this crop, a hot and moist climate is necessary. A temperature of about 21Β° to 27Β°C is needed throughout the year. It requires heavy rainfall. However, with the help of other water facilities, sugarcane can also be cultivated in regions having low or moderate rainfall. Loam, clay, and alluvial soils are best for its cultivation.
In some places, sugarcane is also grown in black soil. Sugarcane does not require much manure. Cheap and plenty of labor is required while growing sugarcane. Labour is the main demand for this crop.
Countries like India, Brazil, China, Thailand, Mexico, and Pakistan are the main producers of sugarcane. Brazil stands first in the world to produce sugarcane. India ranks second, followed by China.
Sugarcane is a perishable crop. Sugar produced from sugarcane plays an important role in the financial condition of many countries. Thailand, Mexico, South Africa, Argentina, and UAE are some of the leading countries that export sugarcane. India, China, and Pakistan are the major producers of sugarcane. USA, Korea, Malaysian, and Indonesia are the major importers of sugarcane.
Brazil ranks first in the world with respect to sugarcane plantations, production, and export. Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab and Haryana, Tamilnadu, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, and Karnataka are the major producers of sugarcane in India. Besides these major producers, countries like Australia, Argentina, and the Philippines also grow sugarcane.
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